Mass production has increased both the supply and demand of goods which has led to the extensive production of single-use packaging. One of the most popular packaging materials is plastic. Almost 40% of all petroleum-based plastics in Europe are associated with packaging. As concerns over environmental sustainability increase, more sustainable packaging materials alternatives are being developed. However, very few of these alternatives are able to compete with the technical versatility of plastic, particularly in the case of polystyrene. Polystyrene is a cost- effective material known for its lightweight property and its ability to serve as an excellent insulator and shock absorber, making it economically attractive for shipping. However, in contrast, polystyrene foam is uneconomical to collect, often leading to its disposal in general waste streams and eventual landfilling, thus posing a significant risk of soil contamination. 

Following extensive individual research, ongoing discussions, brainstorming sessions, and thorough literature exploration, our team has embarked on a mission to revolutionise the prevailing environmentally unfriendly packaging culture. We have chosen to focus our efforts on the critical issue of packaging and are committed to exploring innovative solutions that promote sustainability and ease of recycling. Our project encompasses a comprehensive examination of three key areas: biodegradable packaging, recycling-friendly packaging, and reusable packaging. Through this endeavour, we aim to make a significant and positive impact on the way products are packaged, minimising environmental harm and fostering a circular economy.